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Wednesday, December 07, 2005

The Jewish Writer As Shaman
Word from: Mordy

In today's German Jewish Intellectuals class we discussed Jewish Shamanism. The topic sounds weird, but the evolution in the conversation flowed naturally. Walter Benjamin in "Task of the Translator," the introduction to his reading of Baudelaire's Tableaux parisiens, writes, "The task of the translator consists in finding that intended effect [Intention] upon the language into which he is translating." His distinction is pure language, a form of meta-languages that exists outside the realm of words.

Chronologically, he wrote "Task of the Translator" long after he began his conversations with Scholem about Kabbalah. I don't think it is a stretch to compare Benjamin's pure language with the words of creation that stand apart from spoken/written expression. Kabbalah says that words keep the world in existence, and that without them, everything would cease to be. You can see how this is a hop, skip and jump away from declaring that the purpose of the writer is to call into existence this spiritual energy of language. Making the modern writer, as Benjamin indeed suggests elsewhere, a Shaman.

Jewish Shamanism is not a new concept, but we see an emergence of it that resists the historical trends of Judaism. On a simplistic level, Rabbinical Judaism has always been a hyper-intellectual denial of Shamanism. If a Rabbi leads a community, what room is there for a mystical evoker of God? Pop Kabbalah, the type practiced by Madonna, is a cultural urge to manifest the Jewish Shaman. At one point, that role was fulfilled by the Navi. Chassidic Rebbes have at different times embraced the role.

If this read into Walter Benjamin is correct though, the Jewish Shamans of today are the writers. Once the storyteller lost responsibility to the masses, he gained the ability to rebuke them, much like the Navi. Benjamin writes earlier in "Task of the Translator" that "Art... posits man's physical and spiritual existence, but in none of its works is it concerned with his response. No poem is intended for the reader, no picture for the beholder, no symphony for the listener." It is not for their sake that the writer writes, but for His.

Personally, faced with this radical recast of writing, and the role of Mimaamakim writers specifically, I started contemplating how best to get in touch with the Godly in my writing. I could wear my tefillin while I write, but there are divisions between the holy and mundane that I am afraid to cross. Can one make a blessing over writing? Are my fears of sacrilege unwarranted? After all, Benjamin says that my very writing is sublime expression of divinity. I am the one who calls it mundane.

Any thoughts?

13 Comments:

  • At 10:55 AM, Jake said…

    Awesome stuff man. And the sincerety of your question really moves me - I also want to know how to let godly into my writing. I tried writing w tefillin on a bunch of times, it's a little exciting, but generally, I felt too self-conscious - sharply aware that it's not right to go into certain subjects, that my vocab has to be different, etc.

    Anyway, lately I've been hearing this idea of the novel as a testing ground - u get to imagine reality a certain way and see if it coheres. Like, there's a number of "powerful women" is Don Quixote, prominent in a way that was unrealistic for Spain in 1610, and the idea is that Cervantes was thinking of what it would be like, if... So maybe, it is possible to test these religious experiences you're looking for through fictional characters? Except they don't have to be writers: finding god in truck-driving is probably not all that different. Tell me if this makes sense.

    As to Benjamin, in his essay on Baudelaire and lots of other work, he talks about the "moment." Illusion dissipates and the man is shocked into reality, and then the next minute it's the construct again, etc. So I think it'd work the same with the "pure language." Some new phrasing really illuminates a concept for us, i.e. points exactly to the concept it meant to represent, and then, shortly afterwards, it stretches to denote more and more things, wears out, becomes generic, etc.

    P.S. It's funny you're reading this is essay now - I have a book review coming out in the next issue of Pleiades that quotes it all along the way. That's what Benjamin is best for, quote-plucking.

     
  • At 9:58 PM, Mordy said…

    Interesting you say that (about the bus driver). I'm currently in the middle of my first piece of short fiction that I believe is about invoking God in the world. And it's not about a writer. (It's about a bookstore owner, which is close, but not as bad). I'll let you know how it works. So far I'm enjoying the story, but I'm not sure the process is where I'd like it to be.

     
  • At 4:26 PM, Grey said…

    Here's a few thoughts--I agree on a lot of what you're saying but it's lacking in substance. You're trying to revive something whose definition eludes you. You're trying to fulfill a role that still mysitifies you.

    My own first step would be to look at John Berger(remember him?), specifically his essay "The Hour of Poetry." Here's what he says about language:

    "The boon of language is not tenderness. All that it holds, it holds with exactitude and without pity. Even a term of endearment: the term is impartial; the context is all. The boon of language is that potentially it is complete, it has the potentiality of holding with words the totality of human experience. Everything that has occurred and that may occur. It even allows space for the unspeakable. In this sense one can say of language that it is potentially the only human home, the only dwelling place that cannot be hostile to man."

    Notice how he's talking about a "potential" language that is being in some way "appealed to." It sounds a lot like Benjamin's metaphysical language he mentions in "The Task of the Translator." But there's more there, about how the specific appeal that poetry makes is to a kind of home, where everything experienceable is not(ultimately) threatening to us.

    What else? Beger writes that the tendency to use metaphor in poetry is not to establish specific correlations between one thing and another(that would be imposing a hierarchy on the world), but instead to bridge the gaps that divide the totality of existence--that is the "labor" of poetry. In his words:

    "the task of this unceasing labour is to bring together what life has separated or violence has torn apart. Physical pain can usually be lessened or stopped by action. All other human pain, however, is caused by one form or another of human separation. And here the act of assuagement is less direct. Poetry can repair no loss, but it defies the space which separates. And it does this by its continual labour of reassembling what has been scattered."

    Do you see parallels with Benjamins description of what motivates his Angelus Novus? He talks about it in the Arcades project(although I'm sure it's in other places too). If you're iffy about this point, he also mentions about a poem's originality,: it's newness and it's returning to the "origin."

    So we have what looks like a metaphysical, "potential" language that seems to connect, tangentially at least, with some of Benjamins historical-redemptive ideas. What about that reference to the tanya you had before(yeah I spotted that) about the metaphysical language of creation? "To put into words is to find the hope that the words will be heard, and the events they describe judged." Berger, a secular Marxist himself, goes on to point out that this potential, distant judgement at the root of poetry is also at the root of prayer.

    There you are. Judgement of right and wrong, creativity, and the putting together of the shattered pieces. I guess what it means is that for us, maybe worrying about the divinity of a poem should really be worrying about nothing more than it's authenticity as a poem. A true exploration through language is divine simply by how it works, and not, say, by some frenzied ecstasis. A poem that needs to be written is always more urgent and thus more compelling. A poem, or prayer, that honestly speaks into the universe and hopes that it is listened to *must* be divine. Maybe we should just stop worrying about it.

    I do realize that I've talked all about poetry when everyone else seems to be talking about general fiction, but the argument might still be relevant--the purpose of stories and characters, etc.

     
  • At 5:27 PM, Josh F said…

    I apologize, but I am not familiar enough with Benjamin to comment on his ideas, so I will rather reply to this specific question. My answer is no. A big huge screaming no. You should not write with tefillin on. You should not try to channel God. You should not try to describe the Words of Creation. Any description will be desecration. If you pursue his presence you will only project.

    I apologize for being the litvack on this blog, but I do need to express my strange feelings on these questions. God’s presence manifests itself in truth. When you write with sincerity, He will be there. If you write truly about the truckdriver, Walter Benjamin, or last night with your girlfriend, you will know God. Attempts to channel him risk becoming Avodah Zara, and writing with tefillin risks turning them into talismans. Again, it is odd that I should be taking the conservative side of any argument, let alone one with regards to Jewish art, but I do believe this. There is a true spirituality and mysticism through which we can know God. But, the line separating it from magic is thin, and we must be very careful.

     
  • At 2:35 PM, Jake said…

    Hey Grey - do I know you? You should come over have some pierogies with Mordy and I. Or at least email me at jakemarmeratgmaildotcom.

    I like your pshat, but I think it's a little defeatist. Authenticity and truth as inscribed into language is great stuff, but I gather, Mordy is looking for something a little more radical (correct me if im wrong). How about existential crisis, madness, veering off into that world that Josh calls Avodah Zora... I dont think there is such a thing as Avodah Zora, it's all part of one truck-load. also i think that tefillin really IS nothing but a talisman - ritualistic gear for the illusion we subscribe to. (talking about defeatist, huh...)

     
  • At 11:56 PM, Shlomo said…

    I really like the sound of what Grey wrote:
    “Berger writes that the tendency to use metaphor in poetry is not to establish specific correlations between one thing and another(that would be imposing a hierarchy on the world), but instead to bridge the gaps that divide the totality of existence--that is the "labor" of poetry.”

    But, still, I think I also know what Mordy is getting at. I kind of miss the ecstasy of feeling like I was reaching a higher plane of understanding with some of my G-d-intoxicated drawings. Feeling like You’ve come into contact with something bigger—something perfect. I’ve had that feeling during davening (but not in a longtime) But I couldn’t sustain it in drawing either. These days I relate more to the “mysterious” nature of Judaism than the “mystical”, and intellectually feel more satisfied. Spiritually, however, I still miss the ecstatic experience. But there are certain amounts of “certainty” that such an event requires, which I can no longer muster.

    George Steiner wrote that “all representations, even the most abstract, infer a rendezvous with intelligibility or, at the least, with a strangeness attenuated, qualified by observance and willed form.” Aviva Zornberg felt that this idea could apply to torah study as well, and I am inclined to agree.

    Maybe I'm wrong though. does anyone think that a "mysterious" or "stange" divinity have enough conceptual form and substance to generate an ecstatic experience?

     
  • At 1:00 AM, Mordy said…

    I had some specific comments about the comments, but instead I'm going to link to a recent conversation I had with someone over AIM brought about by this post. Hopefully people find it interesting, though if you want to comment on the particular conversation, can I request that the response be posted here, and not on the livejournal?

    http://www.livejournal.com/~mcatzilut/2005/12/14/

     
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